2021 |
Gedefaw, Abebaw Andarge Land Cover Change Monitoring, Land Certification and Land Consolidation: Towards Sustainable Rural Land Administration in Ethiopia referring to Gozamin District PhD Thesis Universität für Bodenkultur/Institut für Geomatik, 2021. Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: CHange detection, Land Administration, Land readjustment, Land right certificate, land use @phdthesis{TUW-295204, Preliminary remarks: 1. Information on land cover changes as well as the driving forces behind such changes underpin a proper understanding of the dynamics of land cover. 2. Tenure security is an important factor for land investment and for agricultural productivity. 3. Land consolidation is a proper tool to solve inefficiencies in agricultural production. This study aims to examine the magnitude and rate of land cover change and to identify its major determinants. It aims to highlight effects of land certification on tenure security, land investment, crop productivity, and land dispute. Finally, it aims to assess the determinants, which influence the willingness of farmers to participate in voluntary land consolidation processes. The investigations were outlined in the Ethiopian Gozamin District and they are based on survey data collected from 343 randomly selected farm households, structured interviews, focus group discussions with farmers and expert panels. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively by using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models and they were complemented by qualitative data. Satellite images of Landsat 5 (1986), Landsat 7 (2003), and Sentinel-2 (2018) were used to assess the dynamics of land cover. Focus group discussions, interviews, and farmers' lived experiences through a household survey were applied to identify the factors for land cover changes based on the DPSIR (Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) Framework. Results of the investigations revealed that during the last three decades the study area has undergone an extensive land cover change, primarily a shift from cropland and grassland into forests and built-up areas. Thus, quantitative land cover change detection between 1986 and 2018 revealed that cropland, grassland, and bare areas declined by 10.53%, 5.7%, and 2.49%. Forest, built-up, shrub/scattered vegetation, and water bodies expanded by 13.47%, 4.02%, 0.98%, and 0.25%. Population growth, the rural land tenure system, the overuse of land, the climate change, and the scarcity of grazing land could be identified as key drivers of these land cover changes. The assessment of land tenure security indicated that most farm households feel that their land use rights are secure after the certification process. Only 17% fear that the government at any time could take their land use rights. Most farm households identified a reduction of disputes after certification and land management practices improved from 70.3% before certification to 90.1% after certification. As key factors for the increase of terracing and the application of manure, the study determined total farm size, the average distance from farm to homestead, perception of degradation, access to credit, training to land resource management, fear about land take-over by the government and total livestock holdings. Crop productivity improved significantly after land certification. Other results of the study documents that farmers are predominantly willing to participate in voluntary land consolidation (66.8%). Significant determinants influencing the willingness of farmers for voluntary land consolidation are the exchange of parcels with neighbors, the expectation of better arranged parcels, the nearness of plots to the farmstead, and the perception that land fragmentation reduces agricultural productivity. The majority of farmers believes that land consolidation could reduce land use conflicts. The outputs from this study can be used to assure sustainability in resource utilization, to enable proper land use planning, and to support decision-making. The results also can encourage policy makers to minimize the sources of insecurity, such as frustrations of future land redistribution and land taking without proper land compensation. Voluntary land consolidation could be a policy instrument to address the challenges of subsistence agriculture in Ethiopia. |
2020 |
Navratil, Gerhard Applications of GIScience for Land Administration Journal Article In: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, vol. 9, no. 7, 2020, (invited). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: 3D, GIS, GIScience, LADM, Land Administration, Land value @article{TUW-289556, Land administration is an essential part of public administration. Geographic Information Science (GIScience) deals with the concepts, principles, and models of geographic information. Land administration has always adopted new technological and scientific developments and thus it is reasonable to check, which results from GIScience can be used to improve land administration systems. This editorial paper introduces the key research areas for land administration. After that, 12 original papers are presented, which provide a general picture of recent trends in land administration research. This Special Issue shows that land administration as a scientific field is still evolving and adopting to the changing societal needs. |
2019 |
Mansberger, Reinfried; Agegnehu, Sayeh Kassaw; Navratil, Gerhard; Shibeshi, Gebeyehu Belay In: Land and Poverty Conference 2019: Catalyzing Innovation, 2019, (Vortrag: 20th Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty: Catalyzing Innovation, Washington DC; 2019-03-25 -- 2019-03-29). Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Capacity Building, Education, Equal Partnership, Land Administration @inproceedings{mansberger19[TUW-279067], The capacity building project ''Implementation of Academic Land Administration Education in Ethiopia for Supporting Sustainable Development is a bilateral project between Austrian (BOKU Vienna, TU Vienna) and Ethiopian universities (DMU, BDU), funded by the Austrian Development Agency.par EduLAND2 is a trigger for the design and running a research-driven bachelor curriculum at DMU, for joint problem-oriented research, for the building academic staff capability, for joint research activities and for the preparation of demand driven community services - all on the topic of land administration.par Gender mainstreaming and the principle of equal partnerships between all project partners are central elements of EduLAND2. The presentation considers the conceptual design and the realization for guaranteeing an equal partnership in the project. Based on the experiences gained by project members in EduLAND2, challenges and success factors for a successful and equal partnership are outlined. Recommendations for a long-term and successful equal partnership are given. |
2018 |
Kitsakis, Dimitrios; Paasch, Jesper; Paulsson, Jenny; Navratil, Gerhard; Vucic, Nikola; Karabin, Marcin; El-Mekawy, Mohamed; Koeva, Mila; Janecka, Karel; Erba, Diego; Alberdi, Ramiro; Kalantari, Mohsen; Yang, Zhixuan; Pouliot, Jacynthe; Roy, Francis; Montero, Monica; Alvarado, Adrian; Karki, Sudarshan Legal foundations Incollection In: van Oosterom, Peter (Ed.): Best Practices in 3D Cadastres, pp. 1–66, FIG (International Federation of Surveyors), Copenhagen, 2018, ISBN: 978-87-92853-64-6. Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: 3D cadastre, 3D real property, Land Administration, land management, legal framework @incollection{kitsakis18:1[TUW-268933], The concepts of three-dimensional (3D) real property have been the subject of increased interest in land use management and research since the late `90s. Literature provides various examples of extensive research towards 3D Cadastres as well as those that are already implementing 3D cadastral systems. However, in most countries the legal aspects of 3D real property and its incorporation into 3D cadastral systems have not been so rigorously examined. This paper compares and discusses 3D property concepts in 15 cadastral jurisdictions, based on the authors' national experience, covering Europe, North and Latin America, Middle East and Australia. Each of the legal system in these cadastral jurisdiction are based on different origins of Civil Law, including German, Napoleonic and Scandinavian Civil Law, which can prove useful to research in other Civil Law jurisdictions interested in introducing 3D cadastral systems. These jurisdictions are at different stages of introducing and implementing a 3D cadastral system. This contributes to the detection of the 3D real property concepts that apply as well as deficiencies that prohibit introduction of 3D cadastral systems, while highlighting challenges that may have not yet surfaced in individual jurisdictions. This paper aims to present the different legal concepts regarding 3D real property in the examined countries, focusing on the characteristic features of cadastral objects described as 3D within each country's legal and cadastral framework. The analysis of the case studies revealed that the countries are on different stages of 3D Cadastral implementation, starting from countries with operational 3D cadastral systems, to others where there is yet no interest in introducing a 3D cadastral system. This paper presents the nature of 3D cadastral objects in each country, as well as differences in the regulatory framework regarding definition, description and registration. The paper continues the legal workshop discussions of the 4th International Workshop on 3D Cadastres in Dubai 2014 by analysing the legal concepts of 3D cadastres in the above-mentioned countries. The outcome is an overview and discussion of existing concepts of 3D property describing their similarities and differences in use, focusing on the legal framework of 3D cadastres. The article concludes by presenting a possible way forward and identifies what further research is needed which can be used to draft national and international research proposals and form legislative amendments towards introduction of national 3D cadastral systems. |
2021 |
Land Cover Change Monitoring, Land Certification and Land Consolidation: Towards Sustainable Rural Land Administration in Ethiopia referring to Gozamin District PhD Thesis Universität für Bodenkultur/Institut für Geomatik, 2021. |
2020 |
Applications of GIScience for Land Administration Journal Article In: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, vol. 9, no. 7, 2020, (invited). |
2019 |
In: Land and Poverty Conference 2019: Catalyzing Innovation, 2019, (Vortrag: 20th Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty: Catalyzing Innovation, Washington DC; 2019-03-25 -- 2019-03-29). |
2018 |
Legal foundations Incollection In: van Oosterom, Peter (Ed.): Best Practices in 3D Cadastres, pp. 1–66, FIG (International Federation of Surveyors), Copenhagen, 2018, ISBN: 978-87-92853-64-6. |